A federal government system is a form of political organization in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units, such as states or provinces. This system allows for a balance of power, enabling the central government to national-level responsibilities like defense, foreign policy, and monetary regulation, the smaller units manage more localized affairs, such as education, transportation, and public health. The division of powers is constitutionally established, ensuring that each level of government has a degree of and can make decisions within its jurisdiction. This setup aims to combine the strengths of a unified nation with the flexibility and cultural responsiveness of more localized governance, allowing for diverse regions within a country to maintain a degree of self-rule while contributing to the unity and function of the nation. The United States, Canada, and Australia are examples of countries with federal systems, each with its unique way of balancing powers between the national and state or provincial governments.