Penicillin, discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928, marked a revolution in medical science. Before , many common infections were often fatal. Fleming, a Scottish biologist, found that a certain type of mold could kill bacteria. This led to the development of penicillin, the world's first antibiotic. It was mass-produced in the 1940s, particularly during World War II, saving countless lives from infections that were once considered . Penicillin's discovery was a key moment in the history of medicine, opening the door to the development of other antibiotics. It healthcare, making surgeries safer and treating bacterial infections much more effective. Today, penicillin and its derivatives continue to be vital tools in bacterial infections, highlighting the importance of scientific research and discovery in improving human health.